VCSELs have progressed from laboratory devices to industrial mass production devices in the last few years. The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers which emit from surfaces formed by cleaving the individual chip. VCSELs are used in various laser products, including computer mice, fiber optic communications, laser printers, Face IDs and smart glasses.